jueves, 12 de agosto de 2010

Climate change: Pakistan, Russia, China, Greenland “ The extreme phenomenons will be more frequent”


Le réchauffement de la planète est-il devenu une réalité ? Des phénomènes climatiques exceptionnels bousculent des pays entiers. En Russie, une canicule inédite a favorisé des incendies majeurs, le Pakistan est dévasté par des pluies diluviennes et au Groënland, c'est un gigantesque morceau de banquise qui a pris le large. Pour Jean-Pascal van Ypersele, vice-président du Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur le climat (GIEC) et chercheur à l'Université catholique de Louvain, ces phénomènes climatiques extrêmes sont en accord avec les prévisions du GIEC sans toutefois pouvoir être reliés avec certitude au réchauffement de la planète.
http://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2010/08/12/nous-risquons-d-etre-de-plus-en-plus-confrontes-a-des-phenomenes-climatiques-exceptionnels_1398086_3244.html#ens_id=1396259

martes, 10 de agosto de 2010

Arab World´s concerns about climate change


The Arab Forum for Environment and Development (AFED) disclosed a memorandum on the preparations for the climate change negotiations at the Cancun Summit in December. AFED also presented the main results of its report on "Impact of Climate Change on Arab Countries." AFED Secretary General Najib Saab presented the memorandum that AFED had addressed to Arab governments on the upcoming Cancun climate change summit, saying that: "The role that Arab countries should play towards achieving practical results and effective agreements is not merely an obligation, but a real necessity for the Arab region, which has an undisputable interest in an international binding agreement to mitigate climate change as well as to adapt to its serious impacts, especially that the Arab region is among the most affected by it. In order for Arab countries to benefit from the international support which they need to adapt to the effects of climate change, they need to play a constructive role in achieving an effective international treaty when the Kyoto Protocol expires in 2012." AFED concluded by affirming that "Challenges facing the Arab world due to climate change are immense, but we believe that it is possible to succeed if Arab countries undertake fast and efficient steps, primarily in their own interest and for their benefit, especially in the fields of water and energy". AFED also hoped that the Cancun conference "Will be a chance to affirm a constructive and effective Arab presence, so that Arabs, as major stakeholders, can be full partners in arriving at the needed decisions." Further information on EMWIS website.

lunes, 9 de agosto de 2010

UN declares the right to clean drinking water as a fundamental human right


Euro-Mediterranean Information System on the know-how in the Water Sector
( ENWIS), a program of the Union for the Mediterranean, informs in July-August 2010 that “The 3rd Commission of the 64th General Assembly of the United Nations made history last 28th July by overwhelmingly adopting the draft resolution proclaiming the Human Right to Safe drinking Water and Sanitation. Presented by Bolivia and 34 other States, the resolution received 122 voted in favour with no votes against and 41 abstentions. The resolution that was adopted "declares the Right to Safe and clean drinking water and sanitation as a human right" It also "calls upon States and international organisations to provide Financial resources, capacity building and technology transfer, through international assistance and co-operation, in particular to developing countries, in order to scale up efforts to provide safe, clean, accessible and affordable drinking water and sanitation for all." Whereas another UN resolution on the 'right to development' set a precedent by acknowledging the Right to food and to clean water 10 years ago, this marks the first time a resolution entirely dedicated to the Right to water and sanitation is adopted and by such an important number of countries, including industrialized. It also goes further than the previous resolution by proclaiming sanitation a human right and by clarifying the Right to water. A resolution has no binding mechanisms attached to it like a Convention or a protocol would. However, it carries tremendous political weight, enough to provoke harsh negotiations between States, to help advance key issues on the international agenda and to trigger national endorsements”.
About 1.5m children under five die each year from water and sanitation-related diseases. The text of the resolution said that 884m people have no access to safe drinking water and more than 2.6bn lack access to basic sanitation.
Abstaining countries said the resolution could undermine a process in the UN's Human Rights Council in Geneva to build a consensus on water rights.
Canada, the US, the UK, Australia and Botswana were among the countries which abstained from voting.
China, Russia, Germany, France, Spain and Brazil were among those supporting the resolution.

The UN declaration that right to safe and clean drinking water is a fundamental human right can be considered as a brilliant victory for all the humanity.

miércoles, 28 de julio de 2010

UK coalition government moves to boost investment in renewable energies


Nuevo Gobierno del Reino Unido aumentará la inversión en las enegías renovables:
Moves to boost investment in renewable energy and nuclear power stations were set out by the coalition Government yesterday as it promised to reduce Britain's dependency on fossil fuels and cut carbon emissions.
Chris Huhne, the Energy and Climate Change Secretary, pledged the "lights are not going to go out on my watch" as he announced 32 measures to make the country less reliant on imported oil and gas. He said the crisis in the Gulf of Mexico showed the importance of moving "further and faster" towards greater energy independence and a "low-carbon economy".
Read more at http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/energy-plans-will-reduce-uks-reliance-on-fossil-fuels-2036990.html

Sir, they are carbon dioxide emissions and not carbon emissions. It is a gas that can be captured and stored. More investment must be directed to improve techniques for capture and storage of CO2.More information can be found in this blog about it.

martes, 27 de julio de 2010

French energy policy objectives



Objectifs de la politique énergétique française:

La politique énergétique de la France recherche la sécurité des approvisionnements et une égalité de service sur tout le territoire, diviser par quatre les émissions en 2050 par rapport á 1990, améliorer l’efficacité énergétique- une réduction de l’intensité énergétique (Consumation d’énergie par unité de PIB) de 2% par an d´ici á 2015 et 2,5% par an d´ici á 2030.

Ces objectifs sont louables et ambitieux.

Les experts de l'Agence internationale de l'énergie (AIE) saluent la "continuité stratégique" de cette politique énergétique de la France, mais devrait clarifier l'économie de sa filière nucléaire.Elle publie ses observations lundi 26 juillet.

http://www.iea.org/speech/2010/Tanaka/France_IDRLaunch_FR.pdf

lunes, 19 de julio de 2010

Global progress of renewable energies


Progreso global de las energías renovables

Las energías renovables continúan ganando terreno en el mundo a pesar de la crisis económica. “Las energías limpias no son una burbuja creada por los últimos episodios de un boom del crédito, sino que representan un sector de inversión que seguirá siendo importante durante los próximos años”, afirman los expertos del Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente (PNUMA).
Lo confirma el hecho de que el primer semestre de este año se han gastado 65.000 millones de dólares a favor de las energías renovables, con un crecimiento del 22% sobre el mismo periodo de 2009. Ello a pesar de la crisis que azota ciertos países europeos dinámicos en el sector de energías renovables y la volatilidad de los mercados financieros. Además, en 2009, por segundo año consecutivo, las inversiones para nuevas instalaciones de producción en energías renovables (incluyendo la hidroeléctrica) han sido superiores a las dedicadas a las energías fósiles(electricidad), por los datos del PNUMA en un comunicado del 15 de julio. Cerca de 50 GW de capacidad de energía renovable se ha creado en el mundo, a parte de los creados por los grandes equipos de hidroelectricidad (28 GW); las energías renovables se acercan al nivel de las nuevas capacidades en base de energías fósiles (83 GW).Por otra parte, en 2009, las renovables han suministrado 18% de la electricidad consumida en el mundo según la Red de Política de Energía Renovable para el siglo 21 (REN21).
La energía oleica ha captado la mayor parte de estas inversiones en 2009, representando el 39% de la nueva potencia instalada, mientras que China ha duplicado su capacidad oleica con la obtención de 18,8 GW en 2009. Sobre el periodo 2005-2009, el informe de REN21 muestra que la potencia instalada en oleica ha progresado un promedio del 27% por año.
Por los datos de PNUMA, las adiciones de la energía eólica y de energía solar fotovoltaica alcanzaron un récord de 38 GW y 7 GW, respectivamente. Las inversiones totales en empresas de servicios públicos para la generación de energía fotovoltaica a gran escala disminuyeron con relación al año 2008, en parte debido a las grandes caídas en los precios de la energía solar fotovoltaica. Sin embargo, este descenso se vio compensado por la inversión récord en pequeña escala de proyectos de energía solar fotovoltaica (en cubiertas de edificios).
PNUMA informa que las tecnologías de energía inteligente como el almacenamiento de energía y la eficiencia, registraron un incremento del 34% en la inversión, alcanzado los 4 mil millones de dólares. Por primera vez, las tecnologías de energía inteligente atrajeron más capital de riesgo e inversión de capital privado que cualquier otro sector de energía limpia.

Las cifras según PNUMA:
En 2009, las fuentes de energía renovable representaron:
• 25 % de la capacidad mundial de energía (electricidad) (1,230 gigavatios (GW) de un total de 4,800GW de todas las fuentes, incluyendo carbón, gas, energía nuclear)
• 18 % de la producción mundial de energía
• 60 % de la nueva capacidad energética instalada y más del 50 % en los EE.UU.; el mundo, en conjunto, debería alcanzar el 50 % o más en nueva capacidad instalada de energía en 2010 o 2011.

Ahora bien, si las inversiones en las tecnologías verdes han ido al alza en los últimos años, exceptuando 2009 por la crisis (-7%), el futuro de las inversiones puede ser variable y sufrir algunos golpes. Ello se debe a los resultados poco comprometedores de la Cumbre de Copenhague, la dificultad de la Administración Obama de pasar su ley sobre el clima, la voluntad de los gobiernos europeos de reducir las ayudas a favor de las energías renovables por la crisis.
Lo que preocupa es que la inversión por las empresas y gobiernos a nivel mundial ha bajado el 16% en investigación en energías verdes en 2009 respecto a 2008(á 14,9 mil millones de dólares). La investigación es vital para avanzar en la tecnología de energías renovables y hacerla más viable técnica y económicamente así como más atractiva para instalar.

viernes, 2 de julio de 2010

Improving Arab World Water Resources


Nile water at Aswan dam in Egypt

An optimum use of water is essential to satisfy Arab world demands. That includes improving the irrigation systems to use agricultural water more efficiently and too choosing the adequate crops to reduce water use. Quality control of the present water flows, controlling pollution sources and overexploitations of present resources is vital. Treatment of wastewater is necessary. Improving the water supply networks and social habits using water is essential in order to improve drinking water quality and reduce its wasting.
Moreover, to increase Arabic resources in water and to satisfy local and national water needs, the best way is by wisely using the mediums that Arabic countries have. Sunshine is almost always available around all the year in the Arabic Countries. It is a free energy. These countries have too their recourses in gas and oil that can be used not only, but too in combination with sunshine in concentrated solar power plants when it is not sunny to produce electrical energy that can be used for water desalination.Plans to power water desalination plants by solar energy have begun in Arabic Gulf countries.
There is a long way to run; however as soon as you take this train in research and developing the most economically and technically viable technologies, you will earlier reach to comply with your water needs. You too show this way to other countries that are water thirsty but have a lot of sunshine and seawater.
You have to plan not only for your actual water country’s needs but too for the future development and generations. Using nuclear energy for water desalination may mean water nuclear pollution if not disasters for lack of nuclear experience and knowledge. You too, by this way, put your water needs and security in outside hands since you depend on outside technology and nuclear fuel to run the nuclear plants. For the nuclear option your country must be well developed in nuclear technology with the adequate capacity to manage correctly the nuclear energy.

Dr. Mahmoud M. Rabbani
Is a scientist who works and writes in environmental affairs